第21屆APEC企業/私人部門參與海洋環境永續性圓桌會議成果豐碩，有效促進亞太區域海洋永續對話
由我國海洋委員會海洋保育署主辦之「第21屆APEC企業/私人部門參與海洋環境永續性圓桌會議」於7月20-21日圓滿舉行，成果豐碩。本圓桌會議由海洋委員會李仲威主委及APEC海洋與漁業工作小組Monica主席致開幕詞，由國際組織及區域內重要經濟體代表針對如何在海洋環境保護與永續發展的前提下推動區域小型漁業與養殖漁業之發展，進行經驗分享與對話，吸引APEC區域來自智利、中國、印尼、日本、泰國、墨西哥、祕魯及菲律賓等8個經濟體逾20位專家，及我國產官學研各界等近百人蒞臨參與會議。
呼應APEC海洋與漁業工作小組甫於今年度通過之小規模漁業及水產養殖路徑圖，且今年為聯合國宣布之國際家計型漁業與水產養殖年，本次會議探討APEC區域在海洋保育及永續發展的整體進程中小型漁業與養殖漁業永續及負責任發展之路徑，主要分為「新世代產業發展」以及「藍碳經濟」兩大議題，內容涵蓋沿岸資源管理之發展現況與障礙、綠能轉型下永續與負責任的水產養殖、海洋生態固碳之政策措施，以及藍碳生態系的海廢管理等。
會中我國代表包括中興大學生命科學系林幸助終身特聘教授、嘉義縣政府環保局張根穆局長以及嘉義大學水生生物系系主任陳哲俊副教授等，向與會者分享我國成功經驗，包括海洋碳循環現況與發展潛力、嘉義縣政府推動淺海牡蠣養殖海廢管理之公私協力機制及成果以及智慧養殖與漁電共生。此外，智利國家漁業和水產養殖局、泰國漁業部及印尼海洋事務暨漁業部均派員與會分享有關海灣沿岸社區之發展、淡水養殖與管理等推動經驗。專精小規模漁業與海洋保育議題之日本東京大學農業與生命科學研究所教授 Dr. Nobuyuki Yagi表示，勞動人力減少、進口食品以及氣候變遷均會對漁業及對水產養殖業帶來風險。日本笹川和平基金會海洋政策研究所資深研究員Masanori Kobayashi則說明推動永續藍色經濟將仰賴提升人力資源、政策支持、創新技術、公私夥伴關係以及資金浥注。
在全球邁向淨零碳排的淨程中，近年來國際間對藍碳潛力之重視激增。新加坡大學地理系系主任Daniel Friess說明目前全球約有25個商業藍碳計畫，商業藍碳計畫正在起步，仍有許多待克服的限制與挑戰，如建立科學的監測、報告與驗證機制(MRV)及治理機制，及如何促進在地社區的均衡獲益及包容成長。環印度洋聯盟藍碳樞紐主持人Mat Vanderklift說明，APEC區域內佔全球55%的紅樹林，卻佔了全球77%的紅樹林流失，透過碳市場、基金、債券、保險等金融方式，可有助提供私部門機會，投入保護、改善管理及復育相關生態系統，促進藍色森林經濟。日本藍色經濟協會主任Atsushi Watanabe亦分享目前日本在橫濱、福岡等地推行之藍碳經濟倡議，及在橫濱港、神戶港、德山下松港、北九州港等推動之藍碳碳權示範計畫。
與會專家皆認同，權益關係人與跨部門間的合作，有利於在永續藍色經濟下推動海洋保育，其中地方政府和政策執行扮演關鍵角色。此外，透過國際夥伴關係以強化區域海洋政策之對話與一致性，有助有助亞太區域集體推動永續藍色經濟。
海保署黃向文署長於閉幕致詞時，感謝透過與會專家分享，讓大家看到在多元且新的技術、資源管理、產業實踐、融資模式等的導入下，區域已呈現非常不一樣且令人興奮的藍色經濟風貌，並說明台灣很願意在APEC架構下持續與會員體合作促進相關議題的探討。
此次圓桌會議之成果，將於八月向APEC海洋與漁業工作小組及APEC糧食安全政策夥伴關係報告，作為APEC區域內促進海洋環境保育與資源永續發展之重要參考。
The 21st APEC Roundtable Meeting on the Involvement of the Business/Private Sector in the Sustainability of the Marine Environment has ended with success in promoting regional dialogues on sustainable marine environment.
The 21st APEC Roundtable Meeting on the Involvement of the Business/Private Sector in the Sustainability of the Marine Environment held by Ocean Conservation Administration ended with success on 21 July 2022. Following the opening remarks delivered by Minister Chung-wei Lee, Ocean Affairs Council of Taiwan and Ms. Mónica Rojas Noack, Lead Shepherd of APEC Ocean and Fisheries Working Group, experts from international organizations and APEC economies shared expertise in how to promote the development of small-scale fisheries and aquaculture in line with the targets of ocean conservation and sustainable development. The meeting was attended by more than 20 experts from APEC economies including Chile, China, Indonesia, Japan, Peru, Mexico, the Philippines, Thailand, as well as nearly a hundred experts from government, industrial and academic circles in Taiwan.
In line with UN’s declaration of 2022 as the International Year of Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture (IYAFA), and in support of APEC Roadmap on Small-Scale Fisheries and Aquaculture (SSFA) endorsed this year, this Roundtable Meeting aims to explore the path to sustainable and responsible development of Small-Scale Fisheries and Aquaculture under APEC’s agenda of ocean conservation and sustainable development. Two topics, namely, " A New Era of Industry Development" and "Blue Carbon Economy" will be discussed, with specific focuses on development and barriers of Community-Based Coastal Resource Management (CBCRM), sustainable and responsible aquaculture under green energy transition, policies and measures that are helpful in enhancing blue carbon sequestration in the region, and marine debris management in blue carbon ecosystems.
During the meeting, experts from Taiwan, including Dr. Hsing-Juh Lin, Professor of Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Dr. Ken-Mu Chang, Director General of Environmental Protection Bureau, Chiayi County, and Dr. Che-Chun Chen, Chair of Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, shared experiences in development potentials of oceanic carbon cycle, public private partnership in managing marine debris derived from oyster farming conducted in Chiayi County, Taiwan, and the promotion of smart aquaculture and the combination of aquaculture and photovoltaics. Besides, officials from National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service of Chile, Department of Fisheries of Thailand, and Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia shared local experiences in enhancing the development of coastal communities and managing freshwater aquaculture. Dr. Nobuyuki Yagi, Professor of the University of Tokyo specialized in small-scale fisheries and ocean conservation stated that, fisheries and aquaculture is facing multiple risks brought by decreasing labor force, imported food and climate change. Mr. Masanori Kobayashi, Senior Research Fellow, Ocean Policy Research Institute (OPRI) of The Sasakawa Peace Foundation added that sustainable ocean economy will rely on the development of human resources, policy support, innovative technologies, public private partnership and capital investment.
Under the global net zero emission agenda, international attention on blue carbon potential has been souring in recent years. Dr. Daniel Friess, Dean of Department of Geography, National University of Singapore explained that currently there are around 25 commercial blue carbon projects around the world. While commercial blue carbon projects are on the rise, a lot of constraints and challenges are still needed to be overcome, for example, to build relevant monitoring, reporting and verification mechanism (MRV) and governance framework, and to promote equity, benefit sharing and inclusive growth of local communities. Dr. Mat Vanderklift, Director of IORA Indian Ocean Blue Carbon Hub stated that APEC economies have 55% of the world’s mangroves but 77% of the world’s mangrove loss. Finance options such as carbon market, funds, bonds and insurance can provide opportunities for the private sector to invest in the protection, improved management and restoration of relevant ecosystems and to promote blue forest economy. Dr. Atsushi Watanabe, Director of Japan Blue Economy Associated also kindly shared Blue Carbon Initiative launched in Yokohama and Fukuoka, as well as blue credit demonstration in Yokohama, Kobe, Shunan and Kitakyushu.
It is widely agreed by experts in the Roundtable Meeting that cooperation between stakeholders and interagency collaboration will help promote ocean conservation in the pursuit of sustainable blue economy, within which local government and locally executed policies are of critical importance. Besides, the region will be benefited from the dialogue on and consistence of ocean policies through international partnership in its collective pursuit of sustainable blue economy.
In the closing remarks, Dr. Julia Hsiang-Wen Huang, Director General, Ocean Conservation Administration, appreciated the sharing of expert speakers which presents a very different and exciting picture of blue economy, with the introduction of various new and innovative technologies, resource management, industrial practices and financing models, and reiterated that Taiwan is willing to continue exploring relevant issues with economies under APEC framework.
The result of this Roundtable Meeting will be reported to APEC Ocean and Fisheries Working Group (OFWG) and Policy Partnership on Food Security (PPFS) in August as a reference for APEC’s future cooperation on ocean conservation and sustainable development of resources.
